While many people often use spectroscopy and spectrometry interchangeably, there are some subtle differences in their exact meanings and the associated experimental techniques they are used to ...

Force spectroscopy relies on the precise measurement of forces acting on a probe as it interacts with a sample. The key principles of force spectroscopy include: AFM-based force spectroscopy is the ...

Physicists achieve major leap in precision and accuracy at extremely low light levels. Researchers at the Max Planck Institute of Quantum Optics (MPQ) have successfully developed a new technique for ...