From 4Q25 results, the "European Refining Margin Indicator" (ERM) will be reported in $/b to better reflect the integration of refining in the energy value chain. The basket of crude oils, product ...
Abstract: The traditional heat-load generation pattern of combined heat and power generators has become a problem leading to renewable energy source (RES) power curtailment in cold regions, motivating ...
Abstract: Due to its demonstrated efficacy, optimal control has extensive application in nonlinear systems. However, in the optimal control process, the time delays in the optimization objectives ...