Abstract: The Rockefeller Foundation shipped two Apple II computers with VisiCalc to the Tunisian Ministry of Agriculture to address a grain shortage in the early 1980s. The foundation believed that ...

We noted that Excel turned 40 this year. That makes it seem old, and today, if you say “spreadsheet,” there’s a good chance you are talking about an Excel spreadsheet, and if not, at least a program ...

As the world embarks on the fourth industrial revolution (4IR) trajectory, new challenges are arising, but it is nonetheless one of the most exciting times to be alive. The rapid speed of advancement ...

April 17, 1977: The Apple II launch at the West Coast Computer Faire positions Apple at the forefront of the looming personal computer revolution. The company’s first mass-market computer, the Apple ...

During the dawn of the PC era, a single program was touted as the “killer app” that fired the market for personal computers. That program was a spreadsheet called VisiCalc. Now, another spreadsheet ...

On February 28, 2025, Microsoft announced its decision to discontinue Skype. Skype revolutionized computer-to-computer communication to the point where making a video call became synonymous with ...

With all the new programs, applications and devices being released on an almost daily basis, the spreadsheet's story and its legacy as a powerhouse could be lost. The story of the electronic ...

When the spreadsheet launched in 1979, it was a bewildering piece of software. People had no idea what they were looking at. A computer screen, filled with a grid of numbers? As Keith Houston explains ...

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IIIF provides researchers rich metadata and media viewing options for comparison of works across cultural heritage collections. Visit the IIIF page to learn more. In 1976, computer pioneers Steve ...